Despite such high incidence of endometrial cancer in women, research has yet not been able to furnish the precise cause of this deadly disease. Nevertheless, experts in the field have been able to highlight certain aspects that could increase the risk of contracting this most widespread form of uterine cancer.

One of the chief reasons for the development of endometrial cancer is high levels of estrogen. During the reproductive years in the life cycle of a woman, the two hormones namely; estrogen and progesterone are naturally produced by the ovaries. With the onset of menopause, their production is stopped by the ovaries.

However, in some women the level of estrogen could get elevated due to the prescription of hormone replacement therapy in order to stall the side effects of menopause. This therapy is known to result in the increase of estrogen, thereby causing growth of the endometrium and increasing the risk of contracting uterine cancer. The best option to avoid this situation is the intake of estrogen along with progesterone.

Secondly, obesity could also be a risk factor. The adipose tissue is a storehouse of estrogen. Therefore, the more the fat in the body, the higher is the level of estrogen resulting in higher probability of development of endometrial cancer. Thirdly, longer duration of reproductive years also subjects the endometrium to longer duration of estrogen exposure, which again can increase the risk of its malignancy. Fourthly, the endometrium is also at a larger risk of exposure to estrogen in cases of women suffering from irregular ovulation, which inhibits the shedding of the lining. Other risk factors include women suffering from infertility, usage of the drug tamoxifen, diabetes, history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer and Lynch Syndrome.

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